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Luminance of external obstructions--Algorithm 1.42
The luminance of a
distant object depends on the viewing distance and on the effects of atmospheric
scattering. For the majority of daylight calculations, external obstructions may
be assumed to be diffuse reflectors and sufficiently close for atmospheric
effects to be negligible.
a. Nearby luminance of diffusely-reflecting surfaces, Lg
Input
Illuminance on the surface, Evk, lx
Reflectance, rk
Equation
Source
General photometric theory
Note
Reflectance values for some common building materials may be found in BS
8206(1)
b. Luminance of distant diffuse surface under CIE Overcast sky,
Lx
The following expression gives the luminance of a distant surface as a
proportion of the luminance of the overcast sky at the horizon.
Input
Luminance of horizon sky, Ls cd/m2
Tilt of surface from the horizontal (or zenith angle from surface normal), q
radians
Reflectance of surface, r
Reflectance of ground, rg
Distance, x km
Mean atmospheric attenuation coefficient, s km-1
(For normal calculations under an overcast sky it is recommended that the
value of s be taken as 0.3)
Equation
Note
In the expression for kq the part within brackets, {}, gives the ratio
between the luminance of an inclined surface and a horizontal surface of the
same reflectance. It is based on algorithms 1.33b and 1.41b
Source
Tregenza(2)
References
- British Standards Institution BS 8206: Part 2: 1992 Code of practice
for daylighting (London: BSI) (1992)
- Tregenza P R Luminance of distant objects under overcast skies Lighting
Research and Technology 24 (3) 155-159 (1992)
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